Grammar

This is not the compiler grammar: semantic actions and the Java package ontodlp were omitted. Several rules exist only as examples in the thesis and were written out here so the language can be documented and, later, edited in an IDE.

  • word reserved
  • name of a rule
  • => punctuation
  • ? optional  * repetition

Structure

Concepts and attributes

Individuals

Relations

property

bijection
injection
surjection
abstraction
function
representation
surjective
simple
entire
injective
inverseKw = TEXT

Triples

Constraints

Keywords

Lexicon

comment

From // to the end of the line, or between /* and */. Ignored.

TEXT

A name. Starts with a letter, then letters, digits, underscores or hyphens. Accented letters are allowed.

STRING

Text in single or double quotes.

Full listing

This is not the compiler grammar: semantic actions and the Java package ontodlp were omitted. Several rules exist only as examples in the thesis and were written out here so the language can be documented and, later, edited in an IDE.

// OntoDL+ syntactic grammar
//
// Reconstructs the language described in:
// Alexandre Costa Dias, "ONTODL+: an ontology description language and its
// compiler", Master's thesis, University of Minho, 2021.
// https://hdl.handle.net/1822/81340
//
// Licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0. See NOTICE.md for attribution.
// This file has no semantic actions and is not the original compiler grammar.
// See grammar/NOTES.md for sources, keyword choices, and gaps.

grammar OntoDLPlus;

ontologia
    : 'Ontologia' TEXT atributosSecao? conceitos individuos? relacoes triplos restricoes? '.'
    ;

atributosSecao
    : atributosKw '{' (expandStmt | atributoDeclList) '}'
    ;

atributoDeclList
    : atributoDecl (',' atributoDecl)*
    ;

atributoDecl
    : TEXT ':' tipo
    ;

conceitos
    : conceitosKw '{' (expandStmt | conceitoList) '}'
    ;

conceitoList
    : conceito (',' conceito)*
    ;

conceito
    : TEXT atributos?
    ;

atributos
    : '[' atributoRef (',' atributoRef)* ']'
    ;

atributoRef
    : TEXT (':' tipo)?
    ;

tipo
    : TEXT
    | 'enum' '(' enumValue (',' enumValue)* ')'
    ;

enumValue
    : atom
    ;

individuos
    : 'individuos' '{' (expandStmt | individuoList) '}'
    ;

individuoList
    : TEXT TEXT? (',' TEXT TEXT?)*
    ;

relacoes
    : relacoesKw '{' (expandStmt | relacaoList) '}'
    ;

relacaoList
    : relacao (',' relacao)*
    ;

relacao
    : TEXT ('[' relInf (',' relInf)* ']')?
    ;

relInf
    : 'domain' ':' TEXT
    | 'codomain' ':' TEXT
    | 'props' ':' properties
    ;

properties
    : '(' property (',' property)* ')'
    | property
    ;

property
    : 'bijection'
    | 'injection'
    | 'surjection'
    | 'abstraction'
    | 'function'
    | 'representation'
    | 'surjective'
    | 'simple'
    | 'entire'
    | 'injective'
    | inverseKw '=' TEXT
    ;

triplos
    : 'triplos' '{' (expandStmt | triploList) '}'
    ;

triploList
    : triplo (';' triplo)*
    ;

triplo
    : '('? TEXT '=' iofKw '=>' TEXT atribInsts? ')'?
    | '('? TEXT '=' pofKw '=>' TEXT ')'?
    | '('? TEXT '=' isaKw '=>' TEXT ')'?
    | '('? TEXT '=' synKw '=>' TEXT ')'?
    | '('? TEXT '=' TEXT '=>' TEXT ')'?
    | TEXT '=[' relacionamentos (';' relacionamentos)* ']'
    ;

relacionamentos
    : TEXT '=>' TEXT (',' relMultiplo)*
    | synKw '=>' TEXT (',' relMultiplo)*
    | isaKw '=>' TEXT (',' relMultiplo)*
    | pofKw '=>' TEXT (',' relMultiplo)*
    | iofKw '=>' TEXT atribInsts? (',' relMultiplo)*
    ;

relMultiplo
    : ('=>')? TEXT
    ;

atribInsts
    : '[' atribInst (',' atribInst)* ']'
    ;

atribInst
    : TEXT '=' atom
    ;

restricoes
    : restricoesKw '{' constraint* '}'
    ;

constraint
    : constraintAtom ':-' constraintBody '.'
    ;

constraintBody
    : constraintDisj
    ;

constraintDisj
    : constraintConj (';' constraintConj)*
    ;

constraintConj
    : constraintPrim (',' constraintPrim)*
    ;

constraintPrim
    : '(' constraintBody ')'
    | 'not' '(' constraintBody ')'
    | constraintAtom
    ;

constraintAtom
    : TEXT '=' TEXT '=>' TEXT
    | TEXT '==' atom
    | TEXT NEQ atom
    ;

expandStmt
    : 'expand' fileName ';'
    ;

fileName
    : TEXT ('.' TEXT)+
    ;

atom
    : TEXT
    | STRING
    | NUMBER
    ;

atributosKw   : 'atributos' | 'attributes' ;
conceitosKw   : 'conceitos' | 'concepts' ;
relacoesKw    : 'relacoes' | 'relations' ;
restricoesKw  : 'restricoes' | 'restrictions' ;
inverseKw     : 'inverseOf' | 'inversaDe' ;
iofKw         : 'iof' | 'instancia' ;
pofKw         : 'pof' | 'parte' ;
isaKw         : 'is-a' | 'subclasse' ;
synKw         : 'synonym' | 'sinonimo' ;

NEQ : '\\=' ;

NUMBER
    : [0-9]+
    ;

STRING
    : '"' (~["\r\n])* '"'
    | '\'' (~['\r\n])* '\''
    ;

TEXT
    : [a-zA-Z_\u00C0-\u024F] [a-zA-Z0-9_\-\u00C0-\u024F]*
    ;

LINE_COMMENT
    : '//' ~[\r\n]* -> skip
    ;

BLOCK_COMMENT
    : '/*' .*? '*/' -> skip
    ;

WS
    : [ \t\r\n]+ -> skip
    ;
Backward Language Credits Forward
OntoDL+ - OntoDL+ documentation is licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0.